Representation and Gatekeepers.

1) Whose perspective have Sky News used to present the story?
 - Sky News have used the polices perspective to present the story. Out of 100%, 80% of the news story focused on how police officers were injured, or and over the shoulder shot of young teenagers attacking the police officers.

2) How are the police represented in this coverage?
 - Police officers are represented as vulnerable beings when the news presenter said that some officers are injured and in hospital and also how they are not in control of the situation. They also make police officers seem weak and defenceless as they do not defend themselves whilst being attacked.

3) How are young people represented in this coverage?
 - Young people are being negatively represented as most citizen journalism clips being shown includes young teenagers with their hoods up, stealing clothes, electronics etc. They are also presented as uncontrollable, raging humans as clips of them burning down a bus and a building is being shown.

4) What images and videos are selected by Sky News to accompany the story?
 - Sky News chose the videos which portray the young people negatively, for example, when the young people are throwing rocks at them and chose clips were police officers seemed to look very stable and had most of the power. Citizen journalism videos are being used, however, they have only used video clips that make the young people look over-powering and make them look dangerous.

5) What choice of words is used to present this news event?
 - They didn't use many sophisticated words. However, they did repeat a few words such as 'young people' which suggests that young people have a big part of this riots.

6) What aspect of the story is chosen as the most important detail and included at the very beginning of the report?
 - The most important aspect of the story is the police officers because in most sentences they are mentioned.

7) How is narrative used to engage the audience with this news story?
  - Young people star in this story therefore people the same age as the ones in this video will relate to them.

8) How can we apply Todorov's equilibrium theory to this coverage?
 - Personally, I think there is a disequilibrium which is the riots as this story is filled with negativity and there isn't really a positive angle to it.

9) What examples of Propp's character types can we find in this coverage? Are there heroes and villains?
 - The protagonist in this story is the young people doing damage to the town. However, they are not the hero. The hero of this story is the police officers that are injured/trying to stop the riot as they are being positively represented and the news programme shows more of an angle of the police officers.

10) How might citizen journalism have been used to provide a different angle on this story?
 - To provide a different angle to this story, citizen journalism clips of police officers attacking young people could have been used to make the young people look more vulnerable. They could also use citizen journalism clips of other young people peacefully rioting and not stealing clothes and electronics.

Extension task: Find another news story on Youtube that offers a particular representation of young people. You could look for a story such as the three South London schoolgirls who ran away to Syria to join ISIS. Embed the video on your blog and write an analysis of the representation of different people and groups in the clip.

Sky News - News Values

Six News Values.

News value 1:

Negativity: Nepal Earthquake - Sky News

This is bad news as it involves both a natural disaster and death. This story could also come under 'Closeness To Home' as some people may have relatives that live or are from that country.

Closeness To Home: Ed Miliband - Sky News

This is a story that is closer to home as people in the UK are going to care more about the elections as it is happening in the UK and people in the United States wouldn't really care about it. This could also be a story that fits into 'Immediacy' because as soon as the politicians deliver the speech, it is in the news.

Immediacy: Taiwand Plane Crash: Passenger Jet Hits Bridge


Simplicity: Nurse Jailed For Life After Stepping Hill Deaths


Uniqueness:  Mum Disciplines her son after he joins the riot - Sky News




This is unique as some mothers wouldn't really care if their sons were involved in a riot however, this mother, in front of everyone, put her son straight. It is an unusual story that made it to the news because it has a video to go with it.

1) What is the angle of a news story? Give an example to explain your answer.
 - The news angle is the perspective that the news provider takes on a certain event. An example to explain the angle of a news story is who Scotland show vote for as prime minister. The news story angle will focus on Scottish people who are voting.

2) What is the difference between tabloid and broadsheet news coverage?
 - Tabloid covers less serious content therefore focusing on celebrities, sports and crime stories. Broadsheet focuses on serious news such as politics, economics and international news.

3) What would be an example of a tabloid-style TV News programme?
 - Sky News.

4) What would be an example of a broadsheet-style News TV Programme?
 - BBC News.

5) What is the difference between international, national, regional, and local news coverage?
 - International news is worldwide therefore all countries know about the news?
 - National news is news in the UK.
 - Regional news is news in places like London, Yorkshire and Scotland.
 - Local news is news that is local to your area. For example, West London, Leeds, Edinburgh.

Questions about the BBC News election story?

1) Is this international, national, regional or local news? How can you tell?
 - This is national story as they mention the 'UK' and 'Scotland' in the story. Also, this election is for the prime minister of the UK not another international country.

2) What angle does the report take on the story?
 - BBC shows more of the conservative party as they are similar.

3) Is this more tabloid or broadsheet-style coverage?
 - This is a broadsheet-style coverage.

4) What kind of audience would you expect to watch this type of TV News programme? Why?
 - I think people who would read the broadsheet news paper such as The Guardian as they cover the same kind of stories as they are the same type.

Questions about the Sky News election story

1) Is this international, national, regional or local news? How can you tell?
 - This is a national story as it is a story that only people in the UK are interested in as it determines their future. Also this election is for the prime minister of the UK not another international country.

2) What angle does the report take on the story?
 - It shows that the Scottish are dominating the other parties.

3) Is this more tabloid or broadsheet-style coverage?
 - This is more of a tabloid-style coverage.

4) What kind of audience would you expect to watch this type of TV News programme? Why?
 - I think people who would read a tabloid news paper such as The Sun as they cover the same kind of stories as they are the same type coverage.

Questions about STV Scottish coverage of the election story.

1) Is this international, national, regional or local news? How can you tell?
 - This also is a national story as most of it is talking about the Scottish therefore it is a national story because Scotland is in the UK.

2) What angle does the report take on the story?
 - The views of people living in Scotland.

3) Is this more tabloid or broadsheet-style coverage?
 -

4) What kind of audience would you expect to watch this type of TV News programme?Why?
 - I think most of the Scottish population would watch this as their country is a part of the story.

Questions about Channel 4 News coverage of the election story.

1) Is this international, national, regional or local? How can you tell?
 - This is national news because only people in the UK will be interested as this election will determine the prime minister of the UK.

2) What angle does the report take on the story?
 - Channel 4 has an angle on all parties.

3) Is this more tabloid or broadsheet-style coverage?
 -

4) What kind of audience would you expect to watch this type of TV News programme? Why?
 - Channel 4 is most likely going to be viewed by 16-32 adults or ABC1 adults.

Tv News Case Study 2:

Basic Details:

1) What do the letters BBC stand for?
 - BBC stands for British Broadcasting Corporation.

2) How is the BBC funded?
 - It is publicly funded

3) What is the BBC's famous mission statement?
 - To enrich peoples lives with programmes and services that inform, educate and entertain.

4) What is BBC1's programme remit?
 - BBC1s remit is to be the BBC's most popular mixed-genre television across the UK.

5) How does the BBC News at 6 fit into BBC1's remit?


Presenters:

1) Who are the presenters of BBC News at 6?
 - Fiona Bruce, Sophie Raworth and Huw Edwards.

2) What are the presenters wearing? What does this communicate to the audience?
 - The presenters are wearing very formal clothes to suggest that they are serious. They are more formal than Channel 4 News and you wont catch them wearing funky ties just like Jon Snow.

3) Why might a TV News Programme use a variety of presenters?
 - I think they use a variety of presenters to allow people from different backgrounds to engage with the news as they have someone talking for them.

4) How are other reporters or presenters used in the TV Programme?
 - Some reporters are live, using citizen journalism to show what has happened in the event.

5) Is there a balance between male and female presenters? What about race/ethnicity? What effect might these aspects have on an audience?
 - No there isnt a balance as there are more female presenters than males. Most of the presenters are are white which makes other people watching from different backgrounds left out as their is no one from their culture representing them.

Opening Sequence:

1) What is the very first shot?
 - It's a shot of the logo in  round a bout with cars circling around it. There is non diegtic sound of a man introducing what we are watching.

2) How does the opening sequences use graphics or images to grab the attention of the audience?
 - The first thing we see is a presenter looking directly at the camera with a serious emotion which makes us believe she is directly addressing us. Also, images of the situation is being played whilst a voice over of the presenter is used to explain what is happening.

3) How is music used in the opening sequence?
 - Dramatic music is played loud at the beginning of the sequences but fades out when the presenter starts talking.

4) How are news stories introduced in the opening 2 minutes? Is there just one story or are the audience told what will be coming up later?
 - At the start there is one main story which they summarize and add a video of an interview regarding the problem. Then they briefly speak about other stories.

Studio Mise-en-scene:

1) What aspects of the studio can be seen by the audience?
 - As the opening shot is a medium shot you can only see the first few inches of the desk that the presenter is sitting at. You can see the atmosphere behind the presenter with computers and television screens behind her.

2) Are the presenters standing or behind desks? Why do you think this?
 - The presenter is sitting behind a desk.

3) Are journalist or technology visible? What might this suggest to the audience?
 - There is no one behind the presenter which makes her the main focus telling the audience that we should keep our eyes on her. Also, the presenter has a pen and paper infront of them instead of technology which suggests that they are not up to date with technology and like everything when its formal.

4) How does the studio use color?
 - The studio has a color scheme of red and black which has synergy with their logo.

How news stories are presented?

1) How does the news programme typically present a story?
 - They usually start talking about the story then either use a video of citizen journalism, a video if an interview regarding the situation. After this, they talk about the story in more detail.

2) What different techniques does the programme use to present the news?
 - They use citizen journalism which make the younger audience concentrate more as they feel like they are part of what is happening. They also start with interviews including famous people so that people are intrigued and will watch the TV News because they want to find out further information.

3) What types of news does the TV News programme typically cover? Give five examples.
 - One story that is typically found in the TV News programme is a story about politicians as the election is in may. For example, David Cameron promises to work the hardest he's ever worked in his life to secure victory on 7 May.

Another story shown would be another political story but it will have the opinion of the other parties. For example, Labour is trying to help first time buyers.

Another story shown is a story that would be international. For example, the Nepal earth quake killing many people.

Another top story that would be shown is something to do with sport. For example, Chelsea and Arsenal drew on their match.

Running order:

1) What is the top story?
 -  The top story is about the Earthquake that destroyed many peoples lives in Nepal.

2) How long does the story last for?
 - A good five minutes.

3) What are the other stories the programme does or will cover? List them in the order they are presented in.
 - First story they talked about was the Nepal Earthquake and the aftermath.
 - The second story they talked about was Mount Everest worst disaster.
 - The third story they talked about was David Cameron and how is pumped up by small business revolution.
 -The fourth story they talk about is how there is more baltimore protests.
 - The fifth story they talked about was the most deprived place in England - Jaywick.

4) How long in each story shown for?
 - Most stories are shown for 5-8 minutes, however some international stories are talked about for longer than the others.

5) Why do you think each story was shown for the time it was?
 - I think you can get a lot of information across to the audience in that much time and BBC News at 6 have to educate the viewers therefore the story is talked about for this long so that as much information can be given out.

Audience:

1) What is the target audience for this BBC News at Six? Research online - you should be able to find plenty of suggestions to the target audience if not the official target of the programme.
- I think the target audience for this TV News programme is 25-35, middle class workers as they usually get home from work at around 6. Also, a secondary target audience would be for 18-24 as they do include stories, for example politics as it may determine there future.

2) What are the viewing figures of BBC News at 6?
 - On average, it pulls in 4 million people.

3) Is there an opportunity for the audience to get involved in the programme or comment?
 - The show has it's own twitter/facebook where the audience could give their opinion on the story.

4) What audience pleasures does the programme offer?
 - The programme uses live footage from the event or use videos that have been taken by someone witnessing to make the audience feel like they are a part of the event.

Institution:

1) What other news programmes and services does the BBC offer in addition to the BBC News at 6?
 - BBC offer 7 services;
1) 7.1 Television
2) 7.2 Radio
3) 7.3 News
4) 7.4 Internet
5) 7.5 Interactive televison
6) 7.6 Music
7) 7.7 Other
8) 7.8 Ceefax

2) What role does OFCOM have in making sure TV News is fair and accurate?

3) The BBC have been accused of 'dumbing down' the News at 6. What does this mean? Do you agree with the accusation or submit news stories?
 - Dumbing down is the act in which you make something less demanding. I disagree as they do focus on BBC News at 6 as much as they focus on the other TV News programmes founded by BBC.

Tv News and New/Digital Media

1) Does the TV Programme have a dedivated website?
 - Yes they have a website which tells you about what is going on in the world right now. They also have upcoming football matches for fans to check. They have a YouTube channel where they upload videos of the stories you missed.

2) Does the TV News programme have a twitter feed?
 - Yes, they have a twitter feed where the viewers can share their opinion about the stories.

3) How does the twitter feed promote the programme?
 - Using hashtags, and people retweeting statuses to do with BBC News, people all over the UK would see it and watch BBC News at 6.

Representation of people and groups.

Representation Of People And Groups.

The Perks for being a Wallflower is an alternative, coming-of-age drama.The three main characters are white, american teenagers in high school. The teenagers are presented as fun characters who don't bother about appearance and the typical gossip people think of teenagers to be. They are presented as middle classed teenagers, which makes it easier for the audience to understand. Charlie, an autistic boy who suffered a great lost, is portrayed as the shy boy, which audiences will presumably feel sorry for. He isn't like other teenage boys; he isn't strong like other american teenage boys. He is insecure which is a huge contrast to other films which shows the male figure as confident and self centred. Charlie's friend, Sam, isn't a typical girlie girl. She is portrayed as a confident teenager, who doesn't really care about her appearance and would be described as a little bit of a tom boy. Charlie's other friend, Patrick, is not the typical boy who is into boy stuff such as american football but he is into the more feminine activities. He is an outsider, (probably because not a lot of Americans support the same gender relationships),who doesn't make a lot of friends due to the fact that he is gay and I think that it is a similarity to our generation. All 3 teenagers are portrayed as wild, confident, social beings by the end of the trailer as they accept themselves and I think that's what teenagers struggle most to do. The white people are presented as the ones that always party which is a bit stereotypical because I think all types of races party if they want to.

Trailer:

In this trailer, Torodov's theory of equilibrium is shown. The equilibrium of the story is that he has a normal life, in a normal school but is struggling due to the fact that he is autistic. The disequilibrium is he is finding it hard to come to terms with himself and finding it hard to find his identity after the lose of one of his best friends. The new equilibrium is he finds new friends in his new school, who accept him for himself and they gradually allow him to himself around them. In this trailer, you don't really have the typical characters for a drama/reality movie. You have a quiet, insecure, geeky, teenager who suffers from autism as the main character, however, in other films they have a confident, good looking boy who stands up for himself or is the bully. In this film, the main character doesn't fall in love with the girl, Sam, who is not like many other girls as she is very confident, loud and doesn't care about her appearance. Patrick, isn't like the normal teenage boys in a movie as he is gay. Sam and Patrick are suggested to be Charlie's helper as they help him adapt to his new surroundings, but they could also be said as the mentor as they help him over come the struggles he faces. Applying Barthes theory, the trailer has a lot of enigma and actions codes such as;

Enigma codes:

1) Charlie's reflection in the mirror of him looking down.

2) Charlie staring at a girl.

3) Charlie is writing in a book, but we don't know about what.

4) A boy ripped Charlie's book.

5) A group of people are jumping around like frogs behind Charlie.

6) Charlie is standing by himself on home coming night.

7) Sam is smirking at someone.

8) Sam stands up while the car is moving.

The Perks Of Being A WallFlower

The Perks Of Being A Wallflower.

Title:

The title is a novelty font. As Charlie, the protagonist of the film uses a type writer to write his letters, the title is in a type writer font and audience's who have read the book will understand this as it has synergy because the novel is written in the epistolary form - as a series of letters to the readers. Also, the main words of the title are presented in bigger text than others, for example 'wallflower'. Being a wallflower is someone that is shy and excluded and Charlie is exactly those adjectives when he joins his new school. This attracts more costumers as they focus on the more important words of the title.

Tagline:

The tagline in this film poster is 'We Are Infinite'. The whole poster is plain with only the title, central image and the production blurb therefore, placing the slogan in the visual centre  creates a big impact. Also, the readers of the book know this is a quote from the book. People that have never read the book would be curious as to what it means because although it is only 3 words, it creates a big impact. The use of the collective pronoun 'we' suggest that we are in the friendship group. This is effective to the audience because some people feel excluded and they could feel like a big part of this group.

Central Image:
The central image is of the three main character. Emma Watson, starred in many famous films like Harry Potter, Noah, Your Voice in my Head, therefore there will already be many fans of the film as they are supporting her. The same as Logan Lerman, he has starred in many famous films such as Fury, Noah and Percy Jackson and from this there will already be people supporting the film. It doesn't reveal a great deal of information about them, intriguing the audience. The fact that the girl is leaning on his shoulder connotes that they have a close friendship.

Colour Scheme:
Thee colour scheme is very simple with the theme of black and green dominating the poster. The lime green used in the background is the original colour of the book which would appeal to the audience of this film and book. Also, the fact that the background is a wall, it links to the title 'Wallflower' because it portrays the fact that the actors in the central image as wallflowers.

Actors Name:
The actors names are shown at the top of the poster as seen in many others, and it gives the names of three main actors whose characters are also seen on the poster. As well as the reason for these names being given because they are the three main characters, it may also be a source of advertisement for the film. For example, 'The Perks of Being a WallFlower' is aimed at teenagers and young adults, which the actors Emma Watson and Logan Lerman have been in films with this target audience. This will appeal to audiences because they know the genre that the actors have portrayed in and will therefore go and watch this movie because it is the same genre as most of their other movies. I think that the actors names are presented are very effective due to it being clear.

In the opening scene, 0:08 is using Mise-en-scene. The reflection in the mirror shows how the character is lonely and the lightening is dark to emphasise the depression. The voice of says 'Dear Friend' at this point, making it clear that the story will be told from the characters point of view. Diegetic sound is used here. 

The Perks Of Being A Wallflower.

Your Chosen Film.

The film I have chosen is 'The Perks Of Being A Wallflower' because I think it is good to analyse as there are many things to talk about and many things that are in sync. Also, I picked this film because it is one of my favourite genre's- Teen Drama. In a way I can relate to the characters that are in this movie. 

Institutional Background.

The institution behind this film is 'Summit Entertainment' who have made many other films such as Twilight, Divergent which are now very popular films. The distributor for the theatrical release of the film in the UK is Entertainment One. It is one of the most well-known companies for films being brought out in the UK.

No Brand Loyalty.

The film I chose fits into the genre 'Teen Drama' as it is a film where a quiet, sensitive, 15 year old named Charlie writes letters about his life to an anonymous person. He also discusses his first year at high school, describing two dramatic experiences from his past like the suicide of his only friend Michael, the year before and the death of his favourite Auntie during his childhood.

It fits into the genre because in thee trailer it shows the setting as a high school, therefore suggesting that there will be a lot of drama. Also, the character is a teenager meaning there will be inappropriate scenes and scenes to do with love and how teenagers work. 

There is no follow up movie of The Perks Of Being A Wallflower however there was a book made before the film came out which had a lot of fans. In the trailer, a film that was written by the author of this book was mentioned; Juno.

It's All A Matter Of Timing,

The film was released on October 3rd 2012 but the earliest release date for the movie was 8th September in Canada.

The trailer first appeared on 4th June 2012.

There were many things out in the world to make sure The Perks Of Being A Wallflower was noticed and popular, for example, the poster that was made.

Poster;
    
There were many poster published to promote the film. However, there wasn't any teaser trailers shared. There was only one main trailer. Many TV Reviews went up which made it popular and many interviews by the cast went viral on YouTube.

It's A Social Thing.

The Perks Of Being A Wallflower was rated a 8.1 out of 10. It was said that there were more positive comments than negative. There were many positive comments about the movie;

'Went to an advance screening expecting your usual ''shy kid in high school learns to stick up for himself''' sort of feel-good drama. This movie is more than that - I was truly blown away by the mature themes and moving characters. Mental illness, sexual abuse, drugs and alcohol... I think the writer/screenwriter/director said it best in the Q+A after when he said it was a film that looked at the emotional aspects of that point in life without being sentimental. I really cared about these three teens - Charlie, Sam, and Patrick - and their story never felt cheesy. Just real, and moving, and touching. Go see this movie!' - Steph T.

Public Quotes;

'The Perks Of Being A Wallflower is another story about a simple guy living in a cruel life of high school. The difference is he's not ought to save the day.' -Mek.

'I absolutly loved this film and thought it was intriguing.' -Jack

'It's a story someone could relate to. Both genders..' -Claudia

From the three quotes, I can infer this film had positive feedback and both genders of this film enjoyed it as some people can relate to it.

Risky Business.

The budget of The Perks Of Being A Wallflower was $13 million, however it gained approximately $33.4 million.

On the opening weekend, the film made $228,359 averaging $57,089 per theatre in the US.

Stars In Their Eyes.

The director of this film is Stephan Chbosky. He only directed three films; The Perks Of Being A Wallflower, Rent and The Four Corners of NoWhere.

The Perks of Being a WallFlower is a Teen Drama.
The Four Corners of Nowhere is a Comedy.
 Rent is a Musical Drama.
All the movies he has directed have different genres.

The stars of this film are Charlie (Logan Lerman), Sam (Emma Watson) and Patrick (Ezra Miller). However, the main character is Charlie.

Logan Lerman has appeared in many famous films such as Noah, Fury, Percy Jackson, The Three Muskateers. He appears more in action films but there are one or two romantic drama such Stuck In Love and My One And Only.

The stars are mentioned in the trailer when they are introducing the characters but they don't mention the writer, they just say the 'producer'.